23 September marks International Sign Language Day. This is an opportunity to learn more about Ukrainian Sign Language (USL) and how to make communication with its users more comfortable.
Sign language is a fully-fledged language with its own structure, grammar and vocabulary. It is not universal: different countries use different sign languages.
At the same time, not all people with hearing impairments use sign language. Some communicate verbally, read lips, use written communication or combine different methods.
Here’s how to communicate with someone who uses sign language, even if you don’t know Ukrainian Sign Language (USL) yourself.
What is the correct way to refer to a user of sign language?
Use the terms “a person with hearing impairments”, “a person with total or partial hearing loss” or “a person who uses sign language”.
It is correct to say “sign language”, not “language of signs”.
After all, “gesture language” is a term that can refer to the gestures and facial expressions that accompany our everyday communication. Sign language, on the other hand, has its own structure and rules. Furthermore, instead of the term “sign language interpreting”, it is more appropriate to use “interpreting into sign language” or “interpreting into Ukrainian sign language”.
Avoid the word “deaf-mute”: people with total hearing loss may still be able to speak. At the same time, attitudes towards the word “deaf” can vary within the community itself, so it is important to respect the individual’s preferences.
How do you communicate with someone who uses sign language?
1. Ask how the person would prefer to communicate.
You could suggest written communication, sign language, an interpreter or another suitable method. Do not assume in advance which option is best for the person you are speaking to.
2. Get their attention before starting the conversation.
If the person cannot see you, you can gently touch their shoulder or arm between the shoulder and elbow. If they are within your field of vision, wave your hand.
3. Address the person directly.
Even if there is a sign language interpreter or companion present, speak to the person directly, rather than to the interpreter on their behalf.
4. Ensure there is good lighting.
When communicating in sign language, it is important that both people can see each other’s faces and hands clearly. Do not turn away whilst talking.
5. Do not shout or over-articulate.
If the person is lip-reading, speak clearly and naturally. Only raise your voice if the other person asks you to. Shouting can make it harder to understand.
6. Don’t be afraid to ask for clarification.
If you haven’t understood what has been said, ask them to repeat it or use text, notes or another convenient means of communication. Don’t pretend you’ve understood everything.
7. Do not make assumptions about a person’s abilities.
A hearing impairment does not determine a person’s intelligence, education or ability to work, study, drive a car or play sport.
Read more about appropriate communication in the Accessibility Guide.
Where can you find out how to say something in sign language?
Not sure how to sign a particular word or phrase in Ukrainian sign language? Use online dictionaries where you can find the sign you need and watch a video showing how to perform it.
SpreadTheSign — an international online sign language dictionary. It helps you find a word and watch a video demonstration of how to sign it.
anysign — a free Ukrainian sign language dictionary. You can quickly find the sign you need and see how to sign it. An app is also available.
Bookmark these resources — they may come in handy when you need to find a sign for everyday communication.
Even if you don’t know sign language, don’t be afraid to start a conversation. It’s important to respect the other person’s choice, be open to dialogue, and find a way of communicating that works for both of you.